ulyanovsk aircraft carrier

Ulyanovsk Aircraft Carrier - The recent news of the launch of the Type 003 aircraft carrier is certainly the biggest news in China right now. The launch of this conventionally powered supercarrier with a displacement of more than 80,000 tons means that China has made a remarkable breakthrough in naval construction. However, many people said that the 80,000-ton aircraft carrier could use nuclear power. As an example, they cited the Ulyanovsk-class aircraft carrier developed in the Soviet era, and it is said that China used some of the knowledge and technology of this Soviet supercarrier in the development of the Type 003. So what is the power of this Soviet warship? ? Does this ship surpass China's 003-type aircraft carrier?

The development of the Soviet Navy during the Soviet period mainly revolved around the two main points of anti-ship and nuclear submarines, and the development of aircraft carriers was not given much attention. The first Soviet warship designed as an aircraft carrier was the Moscow-class helicopter carrier and later the Kyiv-class aircraft cruiser. Although these two classes of ships can be called as an aircraft carrier in many ways, but they are not really pure aircraft carriers, instead they can be called as heavy aircraft carrying an air cruiser. Although the Soviet Union did not value the development of aircraft carriers, some senior officials in the Navy knew the power of aircraft carriers, so they built a real Kyiv-class aircraft carrier, the Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier, although this class of aircraft carriers was called an aircraft carrier in the Soviet Union.

Ulyanovsk Aircraft Carrier

The Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier was in the sights of Western militaries at the time, during the Cold War, a medium-sized or large-class aircraft carrier with a full-load displacement of about 60,000 tons could only be counted among the medium-sized aircraft carrier category. Although there is still a big gap between the Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier and the super aircraft carrier of the US military, it must be said that this aircraft carrier has almost all the characteristics of an aircraft carrier. Currently there are only two Kuznetsov-class aircraft carriers, one is the Russian Kuznetsov aircraft carrier and the other is the Chinese Liaoning, modified from the earlier Varyag. In fact, the Chinese ship Shandong can also be counted as a Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier in a sense.

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With a Kuznetsov-class aircraft carrier, it was natural for the Soviet Union to build a more powerful aircraft carrier to catch up with the US military. As the Soviet Union at the time planned to use the Sukhoi Su-33 "Sea Flanker" as the ship's lead aircraft, the Soviet Union also planned to use an aircraft carrier configuration similar to that of the United States and a steam catapult. in order to maximize the combat power of the Su-33. The new aircraft carrier was named aircraft carrier 1143.7, officially known as the Ulyanovsk-class aircraft carrier. The size of this class of aircraft carrier has been greatly increased, with an overall length of 321.2 meters, an incredible deck width of 83.9 meters and a fully loaded displacement of around 75,000 tons.

In terms of performance, due to the excellent development of nuclear power in the Soviet Union, the aircraft carrier of this class must be equipped with four nuclear reactors codenamed KN3, and the total power of the four steam turbines has reached 280,000 horsepower, which is the same output as well as the American Kitty Hawk-class aircraft carrier. The Ulyanovsk-class aircraft carrier differs from the US supernuclear-powered aircraft carrier. Although it uses a catapult, it also has a small diving board platform.

As for the aircraft on board, the Soviet Union planned to carry 68 aircraft for this class of aircraft carriers. The reason why the number is slightly less than the American Kitty Hawk class is mainly for two reasons. The first is that the size of the Su-33 is quite large, and the second is a warship, it has fixed armament in the form of anti-ship cruise missiles, similar to previous aircraft carrier cruisers. First, let's talk about the composition of an aircraft carrier. According to the plan, the aircraft carrier's main fighter is the Sukhoi-based Su-33 aircraft, which can perform tasks such as air superiority and attack. Early warning aircraft are six Yak-44 and 18 KA-27 helicopters, which were to be used for anti-submarine and other purposes. From the combination of carrier-based aircraft, it can be seen that the Soviet Union's nuclear-powered aircraft carrier is relatively complete. Although it does not have as many aircraft as the United States, as a multi-role fighter, the Su-33 can completely replace a variety of attack and combat aircraft, although not at the level of the United States.

As for the ship's weapons, the aircraft carrier installed 12 P-700 anti-ship missile launchers on the forward runway deck. If missiles are launched, aircraft from the carriers cannot take off here. From today's point of view, installing anti-ship missiles on aircraft carriers is a very outdated practice, but at the time, the Soviet Union believed that when an aircraft carrier lost its aircraft on board, it could still fight warships heavier than of 10,000 tons. with this super anti-ship missile. In addition to offensive weapons, it also has terminal defensive weapons, including short-range anti-aircraft missiles and 8 AK-630 cannons. If the fixed weapons of warships are reduced accordingly and the defense force is transferred mainly to other Soviet escort ships, then an aircraft carrier of this class will have at least 70 aircraft on it, which is quite good.

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The Soviet Navy was quite satisfied with this class of aircraft carriers, so construction began in 1988, but in 1991, the aircraft carrier, which completed 40% of the construction work, was temporarily canceled due to changes in the Soviet situation, and the second carrier of airplanes have not even started to be built. In 1992, the aircraft carrier was completely dismantled, and the Soviet-era supercarriers disappeared. Judging by the construction time of this class of aircraft carriers and the performance of previous Kuznetsov-class aircraft carriers, the Soviet Union also wanted to adopt a small fast-track plan similar to China's naval construction strategy, ie. only one or two aircraft carriers were built for each aircraft carrier class. The knowledge gained during the construction of the Ulyanovsk class was to be used in the next class of aircraft carriers in order to catch up as much as possible with the American Nimitz class nuclear powered aircraft carriers.

If Russia has enough economic strength, then the vision of the Soviet Union can be gradually ended in Russia, but Russia does not even know how to properly use the Kuznetsov aircraft carrier, and the so-called plan for a new aircraft carrier. is nothing more than a number of different drawings and proposals. just a model. According to the current situation in Russia, the best way for Russia is to retire the only aircraft carrier and use a multi-role amphibious assault ship instead. The Soviet Union's dream of an aircraft carrier may never come true.

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